You can download the paper by clicking the button above. In spite of the fact, that the Congress is pledged to non-violence and has been actively engaged in carrying on propaganda in its favour for the last ten years, and in spite of the fact also that the supporters of the resolution indulged in abuse, called the revolutionaries ‘cowards’ and described their actions as ‘dastardly’ – and one of them even threateningly remarked that if they wanted to be led by Gandhi, they should pass this resolution could only be adopted by a dangerously narrow majority. “The fact that the unfurling of the flag of Independence lay hanging in the balance till midnight of that date, and that the scales might have been turned at even the eleventh hour fifty-ninth minute had a message from the Vicerory or the Secretary of State come to the Congress granting Dominion Status, proves that Independence is not a heart hunger of the leaders but that the declaration of it is only like a petulant child’s retort. It will grow, this feeling of bondage, this infuriated youth will begin to kill the oppressors. He … This doctrine is based on the underlying philosophy that Nuclear weapons are so destructive that no country would use them, because such use would cause massive humanitarian crisis and no political leader would be willing to risk the possible death of millions of their citizens. “The very idea of the bomb and the secret society and of propaganda through action and sacrifice were imports from the west” “This retention of Roweltt legislation in the teeth of universal opposition repeal is an affront to the nation. It can hardly be of any use to a nation striving for national independence which can never come as the result of a compromise. To say the least, it is a novel idea, yet untried. The revolutionaries never claim the Reforms as their achievement. We assure Gandhi that the average Indian, like the average human being, understands little of the fine theological niceties about Ahimsa and Loving one’s enemy. If none, how can India be expected to share his ‘growing faith’ that he will be able to persuade or compel England to agree to Indian Independence through the practice of non-violence? Detailed Strategy for History Optional- Paper II [By Chitra Mishra, Rank 20, CSE- 2018] Name: Chitra Mishra Rank: 20 [CSE- 2018] Detailed Strategy History optional strategy requires a renewed analysis, delineating the topics, previous year paper analysis, and detailed strategy; History optional has acquired a fossil-like significance and format post 2013-14. Grant given was called privy purse. Terrorism instills fear in the hearts of the oppressors, it brings hopes of revenge and redemption to the oppressed masses, it gives courage and self-confidence to the wavering, it shatters the spell of the superiority of the ruling class and raises the status of the subject race in the eyes of the world, because it is the most convincing proof of a nation’s hunger for freedom. Reason (R) : They flow through short courses on relatively harder rocks. VIOLENCE AND MILITARY ELPENDITURE Let us establish a new order of society in which political and economic exploitation will be an impossibility. Advantages of Nuclear Deterrence M.N.Roy introduced the process of displacing communism in India by sending his trained representatives to different parts of the country. These the British government threw before the constitutionalist agitators to lure them away from the right path. AN APPEAL Impact of Revolutionary Terrorism It will bring joy and prosperity to the starving millions who are seathing today under the terrible yoke of both foreign and Indian exploitation. Daily Quiz: January 14, 2019. What is our great heritage of civilisation and culture worth if we have not enough self-respect left in us to prevent us from bowing surveillance to the commands of foreigners and paying homage to their flag and king? He was successful to a great extent in achieving both. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. Let cowards fall back and cringe for compromise and peace. 146. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), negotiations between the U.S. and the Soviet Union that were aimed at curtailing the manufacture of strategic missiles capable of carrying nuclear weapons. Our slavery is our shame. Though they hold firmly to their opinion, that so long as person like Sen Gupta whose wonderful intelligence compels him to discern the hand of the CID in the late attempt to blow up the Viceroy’s Special, and persons like Ansari, who think abuse the better part of argument and know so little of politics as to make the ridiculous and fallacious assertion that no nation had achieved freedom by the bomb, have a determining voice in the affairs of the Congress, the country can hope little from it; they are hopefully looking forward to the day, when the mania of non-violence would have passed away from the Congress, and it would march arm in arm with the revolutionaries to their common goal of Complete Independence. The Second World War, like the First, started in Europe and assumed the character of a world war. Was even this bare majority a result of honest political convictions? THE CONGRESS AND THE REVOLUTIONARIES In a way Gandhi deserved our thanks for having brought the question up for discussion and thus having shown to the old at large that even the Congress – that strong-hold of non-violence – is at least as much, if not more, with the revolutionaries as with him. Above all, it will establish the dictatorship of the proletariat and will for ever banish social parasites from the seat of political power. Styagraha is insistance upon truth. Little wonder, then, that the country refuses to give it another trial. The U.S. on April 13, 2017 dropped its biggest non-nuclear device, the GBU-43 Massive Ordnance Air Blast bomb (MOAB, hence the nickname the Mother Of All Bombs) on Islamic State targets in Afghanistan. • The philosophy of Integral Humanism advocates the simultaneous and integrated program of the body, mind and intellect and soul of each human being. It will bring the nation into its own. Let nobody toy with nation’s freedom which is her very life, by making psychological experiments in non-violence and such other novelties. The revolution, they are constantly working and hoping for, will not only express itself in the form of an armed conflict between the foreign government and its supporters and the people, it will also usher in a new social order. Let him not delude himself on the experiences of his latest tour in the country. They are doing it both openly and secretly, and in their own way. Here in India, as in other countries in the past, terrorism will develop into the revolution and the revolution into independence, social political and economic. Ali Abdullah Saleh, Yemeni military officer who was president of North Yemen from 1978 to 1990 and president of reunified Yemen from 1990 to 2012. For the rest let there be no doubt in anybody’s mind. The Philosophy of the BombThe 'Philosophy of the Bomb' is the title of the manifesto of the Hindustan Socialist Terrorism, Militant Nationalism and the legitimization of ViolenceThe manifesto of the HSRA begins by tendering a definition of the concept of 'violence' in order to rebut Gandhi's condemnation of the acts of the revolutionaries as ones which discredit the … 1 Critically examine the following statements in about 150 words each: (10x5 = 50) (a) “Annexation of Punjab was part of a broad north-west frontier policy set in motion after the exit of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.” (b) “The… When shall we have courage and wisdom enough to be able to shake ourselves free of it? THE WAY OF PROGRESS The revolutionaries do not shun criticism and public scrutiny of their ideals or actions. They never cared or worked for the Morley-Minto Reforms, Montauge Reforms and the like. The Viceroy would have either been badly injured or killed. famous statement of the revolutionary position is contained in the book The Philosophy of the Bomb written by Bhagwaticharan Vohra. THE REFORMS The uncalled for and undignified attempt on the part of these individuals, to lower the national prestige by knocking at the gates of the government house with the beggar’s bowl in their hands and dominion status on their lips, in spite of the clear terms of theCalcutta Ultimatum, would have been checkmated and the nation would have been powerful enough to kill the Viceroy, one more enemy of India would have met a well deserved doom. Terrorism is not the complete revolution and the revolution is not complete without terrorism. Ours is a war to the end – to Victory or Death. The experience of a century long and world-wide struggle, between the masses and the governing class, is their guide to their goal, and the methods they are following have never been known to have failed. This thesis can be supported by an analysis of any and every revolution in history. Revolutionaries Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt sought to draw attention to their revolution by throwing a bomb along with leaflets in the Assembly House at Delhi. It was drafted in the room located above the Soloman Company, Aminabad, Lucknow, which was used as a den exclusively by Azad, Bhagawati Charan and Yashpal.]. IF THE bomb, that burst under the Viceroy’s Special, had exploded properly, one of the two things suggested by Gandhi would have surely happened. RECENT EVENTS, PARTICULARLY THE CONGRESS resolution on the attempt to blow up the Viceregal Special on the 23 December, 1929, and Gandhi’s subsequent writings in Young India, clearly show that the Indian National Congress, in conjunction with Gandhi, has launched a crusade against the revolutionaries. We shall have our revenge – a people’s righteous revenge on the tyrant. Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. That is the one and the only way. Crowds gathered to watch the proceedings in the court. President, It will give birth to a new state a new social order. OUR IDEAL NO BULLYING PLEASE They have ungrudgingly laid their lives down for the sake of this ideal. The revolutionary Bhagwati Charan Vohra countered Gandhi's criticism of the Cult of the Bomb with the Philosophy of the Bomb and mentioned that Terrorism is a necessary and inevitable phase of the revolution and the revolution is not complete without terrorism. It has changed its creed from Swaraj to Complete Independence. Alipore Bomb Case Date: July 4, 2020 Author: Civil Aspirant 0 Comments Emperor vs Aurobindo Ghosh and others, colloquially referred to as the Alipore Bomb Case, the Muraripukur conspiracy, or the Manicktolla bomb conspiracy, was a criminal case held in India in 1908. It was “the first state trial of any magnitude in India”. LET US, first of all, take up the question of violence and non-violence. They did not attempt to escape and were arrested and jailed for the act. Now, he has devoted his whole life to the preaching of his wonderful gospel and has practised it with unwavering constance, as few others have done. We will not discuss what is a matter of faith with him because reason has little in common with faith. REVOLUTIONARY METHODS He can at the most claim to have told the masses what he thinks about things. These toys – as Gandhi calls them – were sent to India for the benefit of those, who, from time to time, raised the cry of ‘Home Rule’, ‘Self – Government’, ‘Responsible’, ‘Full Responsible Government’, ‘Dominion Status’ and such other constitutional names for slavery. No man can claim to know a people’s mind by seeing them from the public platform and giving them Darshan and Updesh. As the youth will get more and more saturated with the psychology of revolution, it will come to have a clearer realistion of national bondage and a growing, intense, unquenchable thirst for freedom. Besides explaining the philosophy of revolutionaries, he drew attention of the public towards the unjust actions of the government. The latter appeared only in 1945. AS TO Gandhi’s contention that violence impedes the march of progress and thus directly postpones the day of freedom, we can refer him to so many contemporary instances where violence has led to the social progress and political freedom of the people who practised it. Designed & Hosted By: Futura Internet Services, Photo gallary of Bhagat Singh and Compatriots and their families, Few quotes from jail note book of Shaheed Bhagat Singh, Bhagat Singh - an Intimate view by Com. The day is not far off when they will flock in their thousands to work the will of the Revolution. The philosophy of nuclear deterrence was born out of the symbiosis of the principle of military deterrence and the emergence of nuclear weapons. GANDHI ON WAR PATH More recently, it failed to win for the Bardoli peasants what the leaders of the Satyagraha movement had promised them – the famous irreducible minimum of Gandhi and Patel. First tested in 2003, the bomb unleashes destructive power equivalent to 11 tonnes of TNT. As a logical sequence to this, one would expect it to declare a war on the British government. THE REVOLUTIONARIES already see the advent of the revolution in the restlessness of the revolution in the restlessness of youth, in its desire to break free from the mental bondage and religious superstition that hold them. Letter, Writtings and Statements of Shaheed Bhagat Singh and his Copatriots, [In December 1929, a bomb exploded under the Viceroy Irwin’s special train, from which he, however, escaped. IS IT A NEW ERA Daily Current Affairs for Government Exams: Today Current Affairs: 28th September 2020 for UPSC IAS exams, State PSC exams, SSC CGL, State SSC, RRB, Railways, Banking Exam & IBPS, etc Contents: Nagorno-Karabakh region Swiss people have rejected a bid to reduce immigration from the European Union (EU): Sandalwood Spike Disease: Bhagat … And yet, there exist people in our country who proclaim him a Friend of India! You may coin what other word you like to describe his methods but you cannot call it violence, because that would constitute an outrage on the dictionary meaning of that word. THE REVOLUTIONARIES believe that the deliverance of their country will come through revolution. Ethics and Integrity is a recent introduction of UPSC in the iAS main Exams. Has he passed a single evening in the company of a factory labourer and shared with him his vows? While the revolutionaries stand for winning independence by all forces, physical as well as moral, at their command, the advocates of soul-force would like to ban the use of physical force. It was drafted by Gandhi and he fought tooth and nail for it, with the result that is was passed by a trifling majority of 81 in a house of 1,713. But, it’s not the most powerful bomb in the world. If his reference is to revolutionary activities during the last twenty-five years we dispute the accuracy of his statement and challenge him to prove his statement with facts and figures. How many O’Dwyers, Readings and Irwins has he been able to convert into friends of India? (d) Bhagawati Charan Vohra : The Philosophy of Bomb. Gandhiji thanked God for the Viceroy’s narrow escape and condemned in his article “The Cult of the Bomb” the revolutionaries for the act. Or Call us on- 9354229384, 9354252518, 9999830584. click here The first has thousands of years of history behind it. GANDHI IS of opinion that the great awakening in the people, during the days of non-cooperation, was a result of the preaching of non-violence. Will he let the world know how many enemies of India he has been able to turn into friends? That is an example of ethical question. GANDHI HAS called upon all those who are not past reason to withdraw their support from the revolutionaries and condemn their actions so that “our deluded patriots may, for want of nourishment to their violent spirit, realise the futility of violence and the great harm that violent activities have every time done”. Similarly, views of the majority is immaterial for a … Moments later, a bomb planted under his bed was remotely detonated 1972-1988 On April 6, 1973, Basil al-Kubaissi, a law professor at the American University of Beirut suspected by Israel of providing arms logistics for Black September as well as being involved in other Palestinian plots,was gunned down in Paris while returning home from dinner. Do people still expect us to forget and to forgive? A great amount of public criticism, both from the press and the platform, has been maid against them. Why not add physical force also to it? A Revolutionary History of Interwar India: Violence, Image, Voice and Text, Imagining the Indian Nationalist Movement: Revolutionary Metaphors in Imagery of the Freedom Struggle, Insurgency as Civil War: The Case of the Indian Liberation Struggle. That is to say, he believes more and more, that through his gospel of love and self-imposed suffering, he hopes someday to convert the foreign rulers to his way of thinking. Muhammad Zia-ul–Haq was born in a Punjabi family in Jalandhar, Punjab Province of the British India, on 12 August 1924 as the second child of Muhammad Akbar, who worked as a staff clerk in the Army GHQ of India.He completed his initial education in Simla and then attended St. Stephen’s College of the University of Delhi for his BA degree in History, which he … But Yugantar shed off all the masks. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. It is dear to everyone. The way of the world is like this. - Princely States were given right to retain some land and government grants, in return of merging with the union. They expect great things of it in the future. These countries were planning another redivision of the world and thus had to come into conflict with the established imperialist powers… Similar case about Sanjay Dutt’s involvement in 1992 bomb blasts. 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