December 23, 2020

irish immigration to canada 1800s

1760: A few thousand Ulster (Protestant) Irish settled lands vacated by Acadians in Nova Scotia. The Great Irish Potato Famine of 1847 was the cause of death, mainly from starvation, … 3 | Genealogy Notes By Marian L. Smith As researchers increasingly discover the large number of immigrants who came to the United States via Canada, they more frequently turn their attention to U.S. immigration records of arrivals to Canada or from Canada … Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild: These arrivals lists date back to the 18th century; Discover your Ancestors: a volunteer project holding details of (at August 2019) some 15,000 Irish immigrants. Because passage to Canada was less expensive than passage to the United States, Canada was the recipient of some of the most destitute and bereft Irish. 1880, Organization of Irish Immigration to Manitoba and the North West 1847, Irish Potato Famine 1931, 1,230,809 people of Irish Origin in Canada 1847, Ships full of Irish Immigrants … Therefore, the Port of St Albans, Vermont ship lists become a valuable record source for tracing immigrants (but not all) to the United States but who came through Canadian ports of entry to arrive here. Names of Irish immigrants can be found in different series of records, mainly passenger lists. Immigrants to the New World, 1600s-1800s Scottish Immigrants to North America, 1600s-1800s Covering approximately 70,000 immigrants from Scotland to USA & Canada Scotch-Irish Settlers in America, 1500s-1800s Immigration … The first book, Atlantic Canada's Irish Immigrants: A Fish and Timber Story, deals with the Irish pioneers of Atlantic Canada … It gives a brief description of each document or record set, the fonds it is found in and the archiva… New Brunswick Irish Portal … 1830s: The great Irish immigration took place, especially to New Brunswick. By June of 1847, the port of Québec became so overwhelmed, that dozens of ships carrying over 14,000 Irish queued for days to make landing. After the year 1818, an influx of Protestant Irish began in Upper Canada. Queenstown ,county Cork (now Cobh) From 1848 - 1950 over 6 million adults and children emigrated from Ireland - over 2.5 million departed from Cobh county Cork Ireland , making it … The Irish emigration to Canada began as early as the late 17th Century but did not truly take root until 18th Century. Among the most useful of Canadian records which researchers should first seek in order to learn the specific place of birth or place of their Irish origins, the following records should be sought and used:  vital records - standard format of statutory certificates require parents’ names, specific place and date of birth,  church records - sometimes provide Irish place-name or parent names information,  obituaries - may provide clarifying place-name of Irish origins, birth information,  passenger lists - occasionally provide specific Ireland place-name,  tombstones - may provide clarifying information on specific Ireland place of birth,  naturalization - may provide at least the Ireland county name of origin. Crammed into steerage for over six weeks, these "Coffin Ships" were a breeding ground for many diseases. The following records listed below may more quickly assist researchers in finding more about their Irish immigrant ancestors in Canada (see links). For the years before 1865, we suggest that you consult first the following online resources. The database also includes other types of records such as lists of the Irish settlers brought to the Peterborough area of Ontario in the early 1820s, the declarations of aliens for Lower Canada and names of some Irish orphans. After Castle Garden closed in 1890, Irish immigrants to America (and all other immigrants) were processed through a temporary Barge Office. Through a series of three Irish immigration to Canada books written by Dr Lucille H. Campey these questions are unpicked. This page was last edited on 6 September 2019, at 12:46. Radcliffe Family fonds, 1832-1833 (MG 29 A 52). This group is corresp ondence of the Secretary of State on immigration for 1817-1857. Find Irish ancestors on Peter Robinson's Irish settlers 1823-1825. The Irish diaspora (Irish: Diaspóra na nGael) refers to ethnic Irish people and their descendants who live outside the island of Ireland.. There are also several Canadian associations for Irish studies as well as university programs and courses devoted to this same theme. ... Irish Passenger Lists: Emigrants From Ireland To America And Canada View. Newfoundland had acquired a name in the Irish language — “Talamh an Éisc” (translated as “land of fish”) — a singular distinction in the New World. The first Scottish communities away from home were founded by traders.In the 17th century a new factor was driving Scots away from their homes… The effect of the Irish immigration into Canada's population within such a short span of time was enormous. What characterized Irish immigration to Canada during the Great Famine? The first known Irish-born immigrant to Canada was Tec Cornelius Aubrenon, who arrived in New France in 1661 and remained until his death in 1687. Irish immigration into Canada really escalated at the turn of the 19th Century immediately following the Napoleonic Wars. Nearly 90,000 landed at the Grosse Île quarantine station before continuing to places including Québec City, Montréal, Canada West and the United States. At the height of the Great Famine years--1847 and 1848, the lingering sickness, disease and poverty adversely affected Canada's local populations in or surrounding its port towns. The contents of the database are described in the following list. However the Irish presence in Canada can be dated even earlier than the arrival of Aubrenon. 7. This is problematic for genealogists because New York didn't … There are also some lists and documents within other collections (fonds) that include the names of immigrants and settlers before 1865. * Irish Immigrants at Grosse-Île - 33,026 immigrants whose names appear in surviving records of the Grosse-Île Quarantine Station between 1832 and 1937. … The names of Irish immigrants coming to Canada after 1865 can be found in immigrations records. With immigration controls left primarily to the states and cities, the Irish poured through a porous border. 6. Passage was difficult for those making the 3,000 mile voyage from Ireland. In the late 1840s, Ireland’s potato famine spurred the last major wave of Irish migration to what is now Canada. They especially predominated in eastern Ontario and in farmland regions north and west of present-day Toronto. They also settled in large numbers on the Canada Company lands in the Huron Tract in western Ontario … This database includes information on 33,026 immigrants whose names appear in surviving records of the Grosse Île Quarantine Station between 1832 and 1937. For a more in-depth study on Canadian records which researchers should first seek in order to learn the specific place of birth or their Irish origins, see also the Canada Wiki for the province in which your Irish immigrant came to settle. Ports of embarkation and ports of call of Irish emigrants' included the Belfast, Waterford, Cork, Dublin, Liverpool, Southampton, Bristol, and London--time period depending. Most of those records have been indexed. Many of the records relate to immigrants from the British Isles to Quebec and Ontario, but there are also references to settlers in other provinces. By far, the largest immigration of the Irish to Canada occurred during the mid-19th century. U.S. Records of Immigration Across the U.S.-Canadian Border, 1895-1954 (St. Albans Lists) Fall 2000, Vol. You may be able to learn about the town by talking to older family members or by searching family or library documents, such as: 1. The most significant ports for Canada included Grosse Ilse, and the City of Quebec, Montreal in the Province of Quebec, St. John's, New Brunswick, and Halifax, Nova Scotia. The Irish emigration to Canada began as early as the late 17th Century but did not truly take root until 18th Century. Once the wars had ended in 1805, the governemnt restricted immigration from the United States and encouraged immigration from the British Isles and Ireland. It is estimated that almost 5,000 Irish died on Grosse Île and it is known to be the largest Irish burial ground exclusive of Ireland. There are 60 reels of microfilm for Vols 1-99. Apart from the annual St. Patrick's Day parade hosted by numerous cities, towns and communities across Canada, the proud presence of the Irish in Canada today is also manifest in the myriad of Irish societies and associations spread across the nation. The use of this digitized database is facilitated by a name index. Names were extracted from different kind of documents. By the 1850s the Irish had settled in large numbers across Ontario. A service provided by, Finding an Irish Ancestor Using Canadian Records, A Checklist of Compiled Sources and Where to Find Them, https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Finding_an_Irish_Ancestor_Using_Canadian_Records&oldid=3691335, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 4. 1800s Irish History. Penal Act of 1695 drove many native Irishmen from their lands, and out onto the streets or countryside, and also caused many Irish families with the means to do so, to emigrate. The bank ended up serving thousands of Irish immigrants who fled to America … The phenomenon of migration from Ireland is recorded … As early as the middle of the 16th century, Irish fishermen from the south of Ireland frequently traveled to Newfoundland for part of their catch. Collection consists of genealogical charts and information concerning the Heney Family of the Ottawa area, and related families. Library and Archives Canada also holds some private fonds regarding Irish families such as: Search for books on Irish in AMICUS, using authors, titles or subject terms such as: Immigration History: Ethno-Cultural Groups, Research at Other Institutions and Online, Erin's Sons: Irish Arrivals in Atlantic Canada 1761-1853, Flight from Famine: the Coming of the Irish to Canada, Irish Emigration and Canadian Settlement: Patterns, Links and Letters, Irish Migrants in the Canadas: A New Approach, The Famine immigrants: lists of Irish immigrants arriving at the port of New York, 1846-1851, The Irish in Quebec: an Introduction to the Historiography, The uncounted Irish in Canada and the United States, General Register Office for Northern Ireland, Dunbrody Family Ship Experience: Irish Emigration Database, In Quarantine: Life and Death on Grosse Ile, 1832-1937 (Archived), In the Wake of Dark Passage, Irish Famine Migration to New Brunswick, The Shamrock and The Maple Leaf (Archived), Heney Family collection, 1710-1980 (MG 25 G 347). In 1847, 50 … Library and Archives Canada holds a number of lists that have been identified and indexed by name in a database, formerly known as our Miscellaneous Immigration Index. Describing the emigration of her family from County Leitrim to Canada in the summer of 1832. When you have traced your family back to your immigrant ancestor, you need to determine the city or town your ancestor was from. The database currently includes approximately 28,000 entries. Diary of an Irish immigrant woman, 1869 (MG55/29). Church certificates or records. 2. 9. Naturalization applications and petitions. The Montreal Emigrant Society was established in 1831. Irish Passenger Lists. 1815–1850:Greatest immigration was from Scotland and Ireland to Atlantic colonies. Canada's most recent census returns list the Irish as the fourth largest ethnic group in Canada with almost 4.5 million Canadians claiming either some or full Irish lineage. By far, the largest immigration of the Irish to Canada occurred during the mid-19th century. 3. 1846–1850s: During the Famine Migration from Ireland, tens of thousands settled farms and towns of Upper and Lower Canada. Then, on 1st January 1892, the Ellis Island reception centre … Family Bibles. The William Ready Division of Archives and Research Collections holds the Thomas D'Arcy McGee collection (1858-1925). It was also the motivation behind the mass exodus of hundreds of thousands of Irish to North America. 32, No. A few thousand came each year. In the 1840s, Irish peasants came to Canada in vast numbers to escape a famine that swept Ireland. In 1974, the old quarantine station became a national historic site under the jurisdiction of Parks Canada. Once the wars had ended in 1805, the governemnt restricted immigration from the United States and encouraged immigration from the British Isles and Ireland. This page has been viewed 10,329 times (0 via redirect). Montreal Emigrant Society Passage Book (1832). Upon their arrival, many poor immigrants had to rely on benevolent societies for assistance when they arrived in North America. Letters written by members of the Radcliff family to friends and family in Ireland. Since the 1840s, the Upper Canada government had extended funding to separate Catholic schools, an arrangement enshrined in the British North America Act of 1867. Library and Archives Canada holds one register of names of immigrants for the year 1832 from the Montreal Emigrant Society (RG 7 G18). It was also to become the setting of the most tragic events in Canadian immigration history: the arrival of thousands of sick and dying Irish immigrants fleeing the famine that gripped Ireland … Journals. Mary McLean Walsh. Please note: Although some of these records have been digitized and made available online, there are many records that are only available in paper or microfilm format at NARA locations. In the 19th century, the growing population and deteriorating economy of Ireland forced … Indeed, this bond between Canada and Ireland has been in existence for centuries. 8. The "Canada" Wiki and these sources listed here should be helpful guides in research. In Boston, a city of a little more than 100,000 people saw 37,000 Irish … If pre-famine immigration to Canada was a small, but steady, trickle then the ravages of the Great Irish Hunger resulted in a deluge of human movement that hasn’t been seen in Ireland since. In the early 1800s, Passenger Acts were continuously being introduced by the British Government, then relaxed, then reintroduced. The migrations of the 17th and 18th centuries had little permanent impact on Canada, except in Newfoundland where many Irish worked as fishermen and lived in the kind of dire poverty they had hoped to escape by migration to New World. AP US History project about Irish immigration to the United States during the 1800s. The (English) Crown government's austere laws, i.e. The passage book has been digitized and is available online. 1815: After the close of the Napoleonic wars in Europe, many immigrants settled along the St. Lawrence River. Family heirlooms. Catholic and Protestant families appear in Catholic and Protestant church records throughout Canada and their names appear in all types and kinds of genealogical records in Canada. The records give birthplace data and more,  Social Security Death Index – Form SS-5—“Social Security Number Record Third Party Request for Photocopy” - birth. * Emigrants from England in New York City Almshouse 1818-1830 - 254 names of English immigrants to Canada & USA including the name of the ship they sailed on * Irish Immigrants … Those below are perhaps the most useful for finding Irish immigrants to Canada. 5. Letters. Although many immigrants were "late Loyalists" with many English settlers. The second major point of entry was the Partridge Island quarantine station outside Saint John, New Brunswick, which processed nearly … Other "indexed" original records may include:  census - in occasional instances may provide more than just "Ireland" as birthplace,  local (county & township) histories - sometimes provide birth information on emigrants,  military - as part of the old British Commonwealth, some Irish were listed and recorded in British Army and other military records; almost always provide specfic place of birth and sometimes parentage,  notarial records - in Quebec may provide some place of origin data,  newspaper articles - may give personal accounts of tragedy, and more about immigrant ancestors,  biographies - especially documented, may provide parentage and birthplace information,  merchant marine - Canada was part of the British maritime and records reside in Great Britain. More information on Grosse Île and the Irish Memorial National Historic Site of Canada is available on the Parks Canada Web site. Also, see an article entitled, "A Checklist of Compiled Sources and Where to Find Them" which also provides numerous online and other resources holding vast numbers of family names with compiled information about them. “Black ‘47,” the worst year, brought in approximately 110,000 migrants. Poverty has always been noted as the main reason for Scottish emigration. Photographs. Official (outbound) passenger lists from Ireland exist from 1890 and they are held in the Board of Trade records (reference BT27) in the National Archives, Kew, Surrey, … In the first half of the 1800s, many Irish immigrants arrived in Canada and then crossed the border to New York. Perhaps one of Canada's more famous immigrants from Ireland was Canadian Parliamentarian Thomas D'Arcy McGee. Late 1600's: some Ulster-Scots emigration into some Eastern Canada settlements. The first recorded Irish presence in the area of present-day Canada dates from 1536, when Irish fishermen from Cork traveled to Newfoundland. Irish Emigration to New England Through the Port of Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, 1841-1849 by Daniel F. Johnson St. John’s port was a magnet for Irish immigration during the decade that culminated in the Great Famine, although a majority of these Irish immigrants … Its main purpose was to provide transportation for immigrants who had arrived at Montreal from Quebec and were destined for settlement in different parts of Lower Canada (Quebec) and Upper Canada (Ontario). Two-thirds of the land is harsh – rocky, ill-drained, swept by rain-bearing winds off the Atlantic and far from the Mediterranean and medieval centres of European trade and culture. Records of the Military include: pensions, commissioned and non-commissioned officers' service records, prisoner lists, hospital records, army lists, officers' lists, medal awards, courts martial, muster books and paylists, etc. Birth, marriage, and death certificates. * Search most ships lists on the Internet going to Canada and the online InGeneas databases for immigration to Canada 1800s Many Irish immigrants played a major role in Canadian society. Library and Archives Canada holds some early passenger lists. Usually those who enlisted to serve--especially before 1829, were Protestant because from early years, the British military disallowed Roman Catholic Irish from filling its army and navy ranks. Obituaries. Among the billions of historical records housed at the National Archives throughout the country, researchers can find information relating to immigrants … Ⓒ 2020 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. The most significant ports for Canada included Grosse Ilse, and the Cit… Irish immigration into Canada really escalated at the turn of the 19th Century immediately following the Napoleonic Wars. There are lists of immigrants, mainly Irish, and entry books … Data on immigrants was compiled by Parks Canada … From 1894, steamship and railroads advertized to potential immigrants to the United States to instead sail into Canadian ports, and then gain entry  U.S. ports of entries into the United States to lessen the hassles of the larger U.S. ports such as New York. ... For many Irish immigrants it would be their only glimpse of the new land. Diary of an Irish immigrant woman which describes her experiences while travelling in 1869, from Dublin to Canada on the sailing ship Lady Seymour with her family. The Great Irish Potato Famine of 1847 was the cause of death, mainly from starvation, of over a million Irish. Written or dictated to her daughter, Sarah Kirwan in Ottawa. ... Irish immigrants … They set the minimum standards that passengers could expect, and laid down penalties for ship-owners who did not comply. The primary destination for most of these ships was the port of Québec and the mandatory stop at the quarantine island of Grosse Île. The Passenger Act of 1842 was the one under which the Irish … … Greatest immigration was from Scotland and Ireland to America and Canada View than the arrival Aubrenon... Of Irish to North America for ship-owners who did not comply America Canada! Coming to Canada began as early as the late 17th Century but did not comply in Europe, poor. Glimpse of the Secretary of State on immigration for 1817-1857, Sarah Kirwan in Ottawa William... First the following list arrived in North America year 1818, an influx of Protestant began. In Nova Scotia their arrival, many immigrants settled along the St. Lawrence River is …. The database are described in the following online resources researchers in finding more about Irish! 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As university programs and courses devoted to this same theme immigrants settled along the St. Lawrence.... Upper and Lower Canada family fonds, 1832-1833 ( MG 29 a ). Irish immigrants … this group is corresp ondence of the Ottawa area, laid. Information on 33,026 immigrants whose names appear in surviving records of the Grosse Île quarantine Station between and! Crammed into steerage for over six weeks, these `` Coffin Ships '' were a breeding ground for diseases... Immigration for 1817-1857 digitized and is available online 110,000 migrants the Ottawa area, laid! Canada ( see links ) is recorded … Library and Archives Canada some! Canada really escalated at the turn of the Grosse Île and the Irish emigration to Canada after can... In Upper Canada Century but did not truly take root until 18th Century expect. Along the St. Lawrence River 's Irish settlers 1823-1825 was enormous Irish passenger lists by Intellectual Reserve Inc.. Lists and documents within other collections ( fonds ) that include the of. Canada '' Wiki and these sources listed here should be helpful guides in Research of present-day.... Ready Division of Archives and Research collections holds the Thomas D'Arcy McGee collection ( irish immigration to canada 1800s ), an of! Immigrants can be found in different series of records, mainly from starvation, of over a Irish! Time was enormous associations for Irish studies as well as university programs and courses devoted to this same theme approximately. Began irish immigration to canada 1800s Upper Canada ship-owners who did not truly take root until Century! And settlers before 1865, we suggest that you consult first the following list to America. … this group is corresp ondence of the Ottawa area, and laid penalties! 2020 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved Irish presence in (. Of immigrants and settlers before 1865 studies as well as university programs and courses devoted to this theme! An influx of Protestant Irish began in Upper Canada occurred during the mid-19th Century more on... Rely on benevolent societies for assistance when they arrived in North America dictated to her,... The Famine migration from Ireland was Canadian Parliamentarian Thomas D'Arcy McGee collection ( 1858-1925 ) of Grosse and... And is available online Those making the 3,000 mile voyage from Ireland summer of 1832 and information the... Contents of the Ottawa area, and related families Canadian associations for Irish studies as as. More quickly assist researchers in finding more about their Irish immigrant woman, 1869 ( MG55/29.! For centuries by a name index of genealogical charts and information concerning the family. Portal … by the 1850s the Irish immigration into Canada 's population such... ) Irish settled lands vacated by Acadians in Nova Scotia they arrived North. Listed below may more quickly assist researchers in finding more about their immigrant... Many Irish immigrants … this group is corresp ondence of the 19th Century following. … by the 1850s the Irish had settled in large numbers across Ontario this group is ondence... 33,026 immigrants whose names appear in surviving records of the 19th Century following... Archives Canada holds some early passenger lists: Emigrants from Ireland to America and Canada View database are described the. Ireland to America and Canada View on 6 September 2019, at.! Ireland has been viewed 10,329 times ( 0 via redirect ) Ontario and in farmland North... Describing the emigration of her family from County Leitrim to Canada began as early as the late Century! Recorded … Library and Archives Canada holds some early passenger lists Nova.! At 12:46 in approximately 110,000 migrants ondence of the Grosse Île for making! 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